Osteoporosis Treatment in Delhi, India

Osteoporosis, often called the "silent disease," is a condition that weakens bones, making them fragile and more prone to fractures. It occurs when bone density decreases and bones become thinner, less dense, and more porous.

Bone density naturally peaks in your 20s, but bones gradually lose their density with age. For some, this process accelerates, leading to osteoporosis. While it may not show symptoms in its early stages, the condition can cause unexpected fractures later in life, especially in the hips, spine, and wrists.

Awareness of osteoporosis is critical because early diagnosis and proactive care can prevent severe complications. Globally, it’s estimated that 1 in 3 women and 1 in 5 men over 50 experience osteoporosis-related fractures.

Types of Osteoporosis

Primary Osteoporosis

• Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: Occurs in women after menopause due to a drop in estrogen levels, which plays a crucial role in maintaining bone density.
• Senile Osteoporosis: Affects both men and women over 70 due to ageing and a decline in bone-forming cells.

Secondary Osteoporosis

This type is caused by underlying health conditions or medications, such as rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid disorders, or long-term corticosteroid use.

Osteoporosis Symptoms

Common Symptoms of Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis often develops without noticeable symptoms in its early stages. As it progresses, you may notice:

• Weak bones are prone to fractures.
• Gradual loss of height.
• Persistent back pain caused by vertebral fractures.

Warning Signs to Watch For

• Back Pain: Often caused by fractures in the spine.
• Loss of Height: A sign of spinal compression.
• Stooped Posture: Also known as kyphosis or a hunched back.
• Fractures: Especially in the hips, wrists, or spine from minor falls or injuries.

Osteoporosis Causes

Osteoporosis arises from various factors, including:

• Ageing and Hormonal Changes: Bone renewal slows with age, and hormonal changes like reduced estrogen and testosterone levels accelerate bone loss.
• Nutritional Deficiencies: Lack of calcium, vitamin D, and protein weakens bones.
• Lifestyle Factors: Sedentary behaviour, smoking, and excessive alcohol intake contribute to bone loss.
• Family History: Your risk is higher if your parents or siblings have osteoporosis.
• Genetic Predisposition: Certain inherited traits can impact bone strength and density.

Osteoporosis Diagnosis

To diagnose osteoporosis, doctors rely on a combination of tests and evaluations.

• Bone Density Test (DEXA Scan): A painless scan that measures bone density, typically in the hips and spine.
• Medical History and Physical Examination: Helps assess risk factors and symptoms.
• Blood Tests: Check for underlying conditions contributing to bone loss.
• X-rays: Identify fractures or significant bone thinning.

Osteoporosis Treatment

Osteoporosis treatment focuses on slowing bone loss, strengthening bones, and preventing fractures.

Medications

• Bisphosphonates: Commonly prescribed to slow bone loss.
• Hormone Therapy: Used to maintain bone density in postmenopausal women.

Lifestyle Changes

• Diet: A calcium- and vitamin D-rich diet strengthens bones.
• Exercise: Weight-bearing and resistance exercises improve bone density.

Surgical Interventions

• When Needed?: Surgery may be necessary for severe fractures.
• Types: Procedures like vertebroplasty or hip replacement can restore mobility and reduce pain.

Risk Factors of Osteoporosis

Age and Gender

Women, especially after menopause, are at higher risk due to hormonal changes.

Men are also at risk, particularly after 70.

Lifestyle Risk Factors

• Sedentary Lifestyle: Lack of physical activity weakens bones.
• Poor Nutrition: Deficiency in calcium, vitamin D, and other nutrients.
• Smoking and Alcohol Use: Both negatively affect bone health.

Complications of Osteoporosis

Potential Complications

• Fractures: The most common complication, often leading to chronic pain and disability.
• Chronic Pain: Caused by fractures, particularly in the spine.

Long-Term Effects

• Quality of Life: Limited mobility and independence.
• Increased Mortality Risk: Hip fractures, in particular, are linked to higher mortality rates.

Outlook

With treatment and lifestyle changes, people with osteoporosis can lead fulfilling lives. While the condition cannot always be reversed, proper management reduces complications and improves bone health.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. How can I tell if I have osteoporosis?

Osteoporosis is often diagnosed through a bone density test (DEXA scan). Symptoms like back pain, loss of height, or fractures may indicate advanced stages.

2. What are the best ways to prevent osteoporosis?

Prevention includes a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, regular weight-bearing exercises, avoiding smoking, limiting alcohol, and reducing fall risks.

3. Can osteoporosis be reversed?

While osteoporosis can’t always be reversed, treatments like medications, diet, and exercise can strengthen bones and significantly reduce fracture risks.

4. How does diet impact bone health?

A diet rich in calcium (dairy, greens) and vitamin D (fish, sunlight) provides essential nutrients for strong bones and helps prevent bone thinning.

5. Are there any exercises that can help strengthen bones?

Weight-bearing exercises like walking and resistance training strengthen bones and muscles, improving bone density and reducing the risk of fractures.

6. What should I avoid if I have osteoporosis?

Avoid smoking, excessive alcohol, and high-impact activities that increase the risk of falls or fractures. Limit caffeine and sodium, as they may reduce calcium absorption.

7. How is osteoporosis different from osteopenia?

Osteopenia is a less severe form of bone loss that, if untreated, may lead to osteoporosis. It indicates lower-than-normal bone density but not extreme fragility.

8. Can men get osteoporosis, too?

Yes, men can develop osteoporosis, especially as they age. It’s more common after 70 due to decreased testosterone and other risk factors.

9. What is the best doctor to see for osteoporosis?

Endocrinologists and rheumatologists specialise in osteoporosis treatment, while primary care physicians can also guide diagnosis and management.

10. What is the life expectancy of someone with osteoporosis?

Life expectancy depends on overall health and fracture prevention. Proper management reduces complications and helps maintain a good quality of life.

11. Will I need physical therapy?

Yes, physical therapy can improve balance, strength, and mobility, helping to prevent falls and effectively manage osteoporosis-related pain or fractures.

Related Blogs

• Understanding Hip Fractures: What Are The Different Types Of Hip Fractures?
• Knee Injury: Tips To Deal With It Before It Disrupts Your Life
• Chest Pain: Its Major Reasons & Preventive Lifestyle Changes
• All You Need to Know About Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
• Nutrition Week Special | Whole Grains in our diet!